Onychomycosis – a common disease. Most often it is diagnosed with a nail fungus on his thumb. Thanks to treat the infection can stop and avoid the destruction of healthy nails. Currently, there are many resources intended for the fight with mold. In the early stages will be enough local drugs, while the running can not do without radical measures.
Reasons for fungal lesions of the nail and the risk factors
The cause of the fungus on the nail in most cases, active contact with another person.
Risk factors for fungal infection affects the following states:
- Older age.
- Disorders of the cardiovascular system.
- Bacterial skin lesions.
- Eczema, dermatitis.
- Abuse of alcohol drinks.
The disease develops when the ingestion of the nail plate on the pathogenic fungi. Also they can get into the blood circulation and the skin veils. In most cases, the cause of the development of the pathology of the active contact with another person. Are possible, the following reasons for the development of fungal infection:
- Search in the common areas according to the type of tub or swimming pool. In this case the fungus most commonly affects the toes.
- Contact with a person sick of onychomycosis. Can be transmitted through personal belongings.
- Cosmetic treatments, if the instruments are not disinfected. For example, during the procedure of pedicure or manicure.
- Failure to comply with the rules of personal hygiene. The lack of proper control of the condition of the feet, or wearing poor quality shoes leads to the development of nail fungus.
- Intake of drugs, the side effects of which is the development of fungal diseases.
- Violation of blood circulation, varicose veins.
Phase of the onychomycosis and their symptoms
Each stage of the nail fungus has its own symptoms. Depending on the set treatment, and therefore it is very important to understand, in what stage is fungal infection.
- Normotroficheskie. Will the nail plate develop a yellowish changing its shade, while it is retained the shine of the nail and its normal thickness. Gradually appearing patches of different size, have a white-yellow color. With the development of pathology, the spots enlarge and become slightly bulging, in consequence of which cover the whole of the nail plate. In this case the thickness of the nail is stored in the normal state.
- Hypertrophic. In this stage, they are manifestations of onychomycosis is still more pronounced. In addition to changing the hue of the nail, changing the thickness of the nail. This is an increase of more than 2 mm. It is caused by hyperkeratosis – an enlarged education scales of the skin. Will the nail plate develop a yellowish loses its shine, becomes dull, begin to crumble and severely deformed. Particularly strong destruction is happening in the lateral parts of the nail.
- Atrophic. Will the nail plate develop a yellowish begins to acquire a gray-brown shade, tarnish becomes more pronounced. With the progression of the disease, the nails decreases, can completely to atrophy. The disease process develops from the tip of the nail plate, gradually moving to the leather cushion and areas of growth. Symptoms of a deformation long time and do not affect the zone of growth.
- Distal. The process of deformation becomes homogeneous over the entire nail plate. The nail will appear clearly expressed stripes. As crumbling of the nail, its free edge is completely eliminated. Will the nail plate develop a yellowish acquires an irregular shape. On the side pillows appear swelling and redness. In some cases, the pressure may show a little pus.
- Proximal. On the nail plate appears white spots of large dimensions. The nail begins to completely crumble.
- With a total of. Is the ultimate degree. Will the nail plate develop a yellowish disabled completely. Nails is falling apart, and takes on different shades.
Diagnostics mold
Diagnosis involves a visual inspection and a number of studies. For the diagnosis it is necessary to visit a doctor-dermatologist. For starters, the specialist performs a visual inspection, then performs the following procedure:
- Scraping from the infected land of the nail plate.
- Microscopy to detect the presence of fungal diseases.
Typically, to diagnose the fungus on the limbs does not cause problems. Also on visual examination one can understand that he was present, whether it is the fungus and its stage.
How to cure nail fungus
Currently, there are many ways to treat nail fungus on the big finger of the foot. The method of treatment depends on the stage of the fungal infection. During the initial phases of the disease just external products.
Antifungal varnishes
A lot of thinking, than to treat nail fungus on the big finger of the foot. For these purposes, are widely used special varnishes, designed for the removal of the fungal lesions. They vary quick effect and convenience in use. The range of these varnishes is huge, so everyone can find for themselves the individual means.
Ointments, sprays and creams
Between sprays, ointments and creams for the treatment of nail fungus on the big finger can allocate funds presented in the table below. They are enjoying great popularity and proved to be the most effective.
Pills for ingestion
Medications for oral ingestion are very rare. Their income is only suitable in the more advanced stages of fungal infection. As it causes a large amount of adverse events, it is forbidden to take without a prescription. Between the tablets is especially popular drugs listed in the table below.
Means for removal of nail plate
Removal of the nail plate may be required in the event that a fungal infection has affected the whole of its surface. For this it is necessary to use special tools that allow you to gently remove the nail. In addition, their activity is also aimed at the elimination of mold. When using them it is necessary to show special care to avoid injury and further spread of the infection.
Exposure to the laser
Laser – an alternative method of treatment of mould on the large finger of the foot. Laser beams are able to penetrate deep into the thickness of the nail, which allows you to effectively eliminate the infection. Such a procedure recommended to people who have an increased sensitivity to medicines for the treatment of mycosis. The Laser is painless and effective, without causing discomfort. The procedure has no side action and contraindications. To achieve maximum effect, it is necessary to carry out a course of these procedures.
Surgical removal of the
Surgical removal of the nail plate – is the most radical way. Applies only if other methods have not yielded the desired result. The surgery is performed under local anesthesia. Will the nail plate develop a yellowish removed completely. From the positive sides of this method it is possible to cancel the fast, how to get rid of a fungal infection. In compliance with the necessary measures, the growth of a healthy nail can be accelerated. Disadvantage – the relatively long rehabilitation after surgery, may show feelings of pain.
Folk remedies
Methods of folk medicine are widely used in the treatment of fungal infections. It is recommended to use them as additional measures to the primary treatment. Replace the medicine medicine can not. The most common recipes:
- Regularly on a pair of feet in soda water with the addition of iodine. After the Polish is processed by the antibacterial agent.
- Daily applied on the affected toenails drop on the 5% iodine. As prevention, apply 1-2 times a week.
- After a week to lubricate the nails apple cider vinegar.
- Grind celandine, bring it to a boil. Solution add to the organisation of spa for the feet.
- Add to the bath for the feet of soda water and a piece of homemade soap. Procedure to do 2-3 times a week.
What happens if you do not treat the disease
If not in time to pay for the treatment of nail fungus, then this is the imminent transition of the disease into a chronic form. Its danger lies in the accumulation of toxic substances, which get into the blood stream. After the toxins are quickly posted on the body.
Tips for prevention
For addition, to prevent fungal lesions of the nail plate, you should stick to the following rules:
- See to it that the feet were dry.
- Wear comfortable and quality shoes.
- After a visit to the joint space thoroughly wash feet with soap and water.
- When fitting shoes, use the socks.
- Regularly monitor the condition of the nails. Remove the excess length and make hygienic pedicure.
- If a person has already met with the mold, it is necessary to use a special antifungal drugs for the prevention of recurrence.
Preventive measures can help you to avoid such unpleasant diseases, such as onychomycosis of the nail. In addition, meticulous care of feet and nails will long keep them in perfect condition.